Cal MacLennan leads the Gonococcal Vaccine Project at the Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, where he is a Senior Clinical Fellow. He is the Senior Program Officer for Bacterial Vaccines in the Enteric and Diarrheal Diseases team at the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, responsible for the Shigella and Salmonella vaccine product development portfolios. Following his medical degree and DPhil from Oxford, and during specialist training in clinical immunology, he spent time in Malawi and Kenya investigating immunity to invasive Salmonella disease. From 2010, Prof MacLennan was Head of the Exploratory Programme at the Novartis Vaccines Institute for Global Health, Italy, developing vaccines against Salmonella, Shigella and meningococcus. He is an honorary consultant immunologist, Professor of Vaccine Immunology and Director of the BactiVac Bacterial Vaccinology Network.